Internal-combustion engine



March 2 9 M27.,

GNE

Filed May 3l Patented Mar. 2, i926.

leiten rarer reifen.

GEZA :[-l'ORTIE-I,V OF .HIGHLAND PARK, MCHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMB'USTIGN ENGINE.

Application iled May 31, 1921. Serial No. 473,795.

-/'o all whom it 77mg/ concern:

Be it yknownthat I, 4GrnZA HoRvArri-i, a citirien-ofthe United. States of America, residliayne :and State of Michigan, have invented lcertainl new and useful YImprovement-s in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the followiu g is al specification, reference being had therein to the .accompanying drawings; j Many types of internal combustion engines require `two tappet valves for each .eaylinder, `one valve serving for exhaust purposesy and the other for intake purposes. Such valves neeessitate a large combustion chamber for acylinder and even so the eX- li'austand -intakeopenings controlled by the 'valves yare comparatively small, conse- 'quently' the inta-keof fuel and they exhaustof burned gases is somewhat restrieted. Furthermore, the-valves of suoli an engine are -sulajeetedl to a great heat and even with waterV jackets about the valve seats, the valves-become dangerously het andare subjected'i to distortion and `wear when in such condition.

' The primary object of my invention is to provide-an internalr combustion engine with a-single tappet valve in eontradistinction to tvvol valves, the -single tappet valve servi-ng for intakeL andv exhaust purposes andl permit- 'ting of'a larger combustion chamber in oonnection- `with an engine cylinder, and an intake and exhaust opening vof greater size than the usual intake andeXhaust openings,

consequently' there will be greater freedom Aand easeioffuel entering the engine Cylinder andrlburned gases exhausting therefrom. By using a single valve for intake and exhaust purposes, the lvalve will: be'. alternatelyk heated and'eooled. They incoming fuel will cool the valve which has been previously heated during an explosion and during the exhaust of burned gases `from `the combustion cylinder, and by the incoming fuelcooling the `valvethe fuel absorbs some of the excessive heat andi is placed in a better condition for yignition purposes within the cylinder of the engine' Another obj-eet of my invention i-s to provide an internal combustion engine with a :cylinder `and valves controlling the admission of fuel t0l said cylinder and they exhaust ing at Highland. Park, in the county ofi a rotary cha-mbered valve permitting fuel to' enter the cylinder from one of the valve chambers and burned gases to exhaust from the cylinder tothe other valve chamber, and associated with said rotary valve is atappet valve operated in timed relation to the ro-- tary valve and adapted to control the passage of fuel and burned gases to and from the Cylinder of the engine. l

A Vfurther `object of this invention is toV provide an internal combustion engine with an auxiliary chamberl and valve, one of which admits fuel to the auxiliary chamberA and the other of which controls the passage of fuel into the cylinder of the engine and causes vthe fuel to be heated by Conductionv and further vaporized.

A `still further object of my inventionis to furnish an internal Combustion engine with a rotary valve and a tappet valve, the latter obviating the necessity of thoroughly packing the former.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an internal combustion engine wherein a pressure-opened val-ve adniitsfuel, under pressure to the` combustion Chamber of a eylinder of the engine, a rotary valve admits air to the cylinder and permits burned gases te escape therefrom, and a 'tappetvalve controls the admission of air 1.o the cylinder and the exhaust of gases therefrom. Q! These. valves have a timed operation so that air will be admitted to the combustion chamber and cylinder in advance of the fuel, preferably during a. portion of the intakeI stroke of the engine piston, andduring the first halfv of the compression stroke of the piston fuel will be injected so thatthe air and. fuel may commingle during the final half stroke of the engine piston.

The above are a few of the objects which maybe obtainedby combining valves in a manner to be hereinafter described and reference will now be had to the drawings,

wherein. Y n Y Figure '1 is a vertical sectional vie-w of an internal combustion engine in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional viewv taken on the line II*II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows detail cross sectional views of the rotary valve engine., the views being taken on the lines A-A and B B of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 4 is a vertical, sectional view of a portion of an engine showing a three valve combination.

In the drawing, the reference numeral 1, denotes a cylinder having the upper portion thereof provided with a water jacket 2, a combustion chamber 3, and a spark plug 4.

5 denotes a crank case supporting the cylinder 1 and in the crank case is a crank shaft 6 provided with a connecting rod 7 suitably connected to a piston 8 reciprocable on the cylinder 1.

A 9 denotes an offset portion at the upper end of the cylinder 1 and said offset portion communicates with the combustion .chamber 3 andhas an auxiliary chamber 10 adapted to communicate with the combustion chamber 3 through a valve seat opening 11.

12 denotes a tappet valve normally closing the opening 11 and adapted to open into the combustion chamber 3, said tappet valve having a valve rod 13 extending downwardly into the crank case 5 where said rod has a tappet head normally engaging a cam 15.

16 denotes a cam shaft journaled in the crank case 5 and supporting the cam 15, said cam shaft 'having its outer end provided with sprocket wheels 17 and 18, the latter provided with a sprocket chain 19 which is trained over the sprocket wheels 20 on the crank shaft 6 so that said shaft may drive the' cam shaft 16.

21 denotes a rotary valve body communilcating with the auxiliary chamber 10 and having its axis disposed at a right angle to the axis of the cylinder 1, but to one side of said cylinder due to the interposed auxiliary chamber 10. The valve body 21 has an intake fuel passage 22 and a passage 23 for the exhaust or burned gases, these passages being located at the outer side of the valve body 21 and at opposite ends thereof. 24 denotes a rotary chambered valve in the valve .body '21 and said rotary valve has independent end chambers 25 and 26. The walls of each chamber have a series of ports 27 adapted to communicate with the passages 22 and 23, and also ports 28 adapted to communicate with the auxiliary chamber 10 through ports or passages V29 establishing communication between the auxiliary'ohamber 10 and the valve chambers 25 and 26.

30 denotes suitable heads closing the ends ofthe valve body 21 and the rotary valve 24 has a stem 31 extending through one of said heads and provided with a large sprocket wheel 32 over which isv trained a sprocket chain 33 which extends around the sprocket wheel 17, so that the cam shaft 16 may rotate the rotary valve 24.

The arrangement of the ports 27 and 28 of the valve chamber 25 is such that the auxiliary chamber 10 may be supplied with the fuel and then the auxiliary chamber 10 closed by the rotary valve 24 so that in the cycle of the engine, the auxiliary chamber 10 may eventually exhaust into the chamber 26. The valve 24 is rotated in timed rotation to the cam shaft 16 and since this shaft actuates the valve 12, said valve will control the passage of fuel into the combustion chamber 3 and the exhaust of burned gases therefrom, said tappet valve being so be more or less heated and placed in a l the chamber 3 or the cylinder 1. In this instance the rotary valve supplies air, instead of fuel, and the three valve combination, 12, 24 and 34, is timed so that air will be admitted to the cylinder 1 in advance of the fuel, and the air and fuel will commingle on the compression stroke of the piston.

I desire to direct attention to the fact that the tappet valve constitutes means, constructively independent of the rotary valve, for protecting and sealing said valve relative to the engine cylinder, during an explosion, and consequently the rotary valve need not be as thoroughly packed as though opening or closing directly at the wall of an engine cylinder or the combustion chamber thereof. In lieu of the rotary valve,-l

I may use a slide valve or valves of various types, I may also re-arrange the valves so as to be used in connection with various types of engine. In view of many contemplated changes I do not care to confine my invention other than defined in the appendyed claim.

a combustion chamber, an auxsaid auxiliary chamber, and said auxiliary burned gases to and from said auxiliary chamber having Walls diverging from said chamber through the ports of said valve passage towards said valve body so that the body. 10 intermediate ports may both open into said In testimony whereof I aiix my signa- 5 chamber, and a pair of axially and inture. j

tegrally alined rotary valves in said valve l body controlling the passage of fuei and GEZA HORVATH. 

